Plastic surgery is a leading medical procedure among people looking to enhance their appearance and reflect newfound confidence. It is primarily concerned with improving the function of or enhancing the appearance of body parts by the transfer of tissues. Plastic surgeries are performed either to treat an injury or for cosmetic reasons.

There are two categories of this specialized medical procedure that will be discussed in detail.

Reconstructive surgery
It is one of the broad categories of plastic surgery performed exclusively to reconstruct and restore the form and function of body parts. It is done purely for health reasons. It includes several popular plastic surgery trends that people tend to rely on to restore or enhance the functioning and performance of any body part.

These include:

• Oral and maxillofacial surgery
  This type of surgery is related to the face, especially the mouth and jaws. It is concerned with the treatment of facial injuries that also includes craniofacial surgery. It corrects the birth defects and acquired deformities of the skull, head, face, and neck. The procedure involves the manipulation of bones in the related areas to overcome the disfigured outlook and enhance the quality of life. It includes the removal of cysts and tumors in the jaws and facial skin.
• Hand surgery
  Surgical and non-surgical treatments are performed for tendon repairs and nerve repairs. Tendon injuries and rupture involve direct surgical correction of the injury. Tendon grafts are also performed by extracting tendons from other areas of the body. Nerve repairs are done by inserting nerves from other areas for nerve graft.
• Joint replacement
  Commonly known as arthroplasty, it is used in the case of severe arthritis by replacing the destroyed joint with an artificial joint. The material used can be metal, silicone, rubber, plastic, or tendon.
• Microsurgery
  It is a specialized surgical procedure incorporating the use of an operating microscope and precision tools to repair intricate structures. These are usually for the blood vessels and nerves, which are less than 1mm in diameter. Here, tissues are transferred from one body part to the other and are reattached.

Cosmetic surgery
Unlike reconstructive surgery, cosmetic surgery or aesthetic surgery is the branch of plastic surgery intended to enhance one’s physical appearance. It focuses on beauty and works on signs of aging. It is one of the most popular plastic surgery trends in practice.

Some of the popular cosmetic surgeries include:

• Breast augmentation
  This surgery is done to increase the size of the breasts. This involves fat grafting or silicone and saline prosthetics.
• Reduction mammoplasty
  Breast reduction or reduction mammoplasty is a procedure that includes the removal of skin and glandular tissue.
• Butt augmentation
  More and more people are relying on butt augmentation to enhance the shape of their butts by way of fat grafting or silicone implants.
• Abdominoplasty
  Abdominoplasty, popularly known as tummy tucking, is the reshaping and firming of the abdomen.
• Labiaplasty
  Labiaplasty involves the reduction and reshaping of the labia and other folds surrounding the vulva.
• Lip augmentation
  Thanks to Kylie Jenner, many people are increasing the fullness of their lips via implants and injectable fillers.
• Phalloplasty
  Penile surgery or phalloplasty is the reconstruction and artificial modification of the penis.
• Rhinoplasty
  Rhinoplasty is when the nose is reshaped to induce correct breathing. This surgery also involves the reduction of the nose.
• Liposuction
  Liposuction is done by removing fat deposits using a suction technique or via ultrasonic energy.