If one has ever had a urinary tract infection (UTI) in the past, they must be in all awareness of the early warning signs. Having said that, one must understand that a UTI is caused by microbes which are generally some sort of bacteria that creates a sense of discomfort while urinating including pains, burning sensation, pelvic pains, increasing need to urinate, foul smell while urinating and change in urine color. These early warning signs are good enough to understand the presence of UTI. However one needs to get a proper diagnosis done to rule out or confirm the presence of UTI following which treatment will be done. Urine Sample Analysis This is essentially used to detect any presence of bacteria, especially E.coli that is prominently found. Also this is a very primary part of the diagnosis to find any germs causing irritation and pain in the urinary tract. This is a simple procedure where one has to give the urine in a sterile container preferably in the early morning hours. One important part of the process is to stay clean while collecting the urine. This urinalysis is used to do a routine urine test and conduct urine culture to diagnose the symptoms such as abdominal pain, stomach ache, blood in urine and frequent painful urination.

Lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the immune system of the body. Lymphoma affects the lymphocytes from the lymph nodes present across the body. There are basically two types: Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Let us understand more about the different types of lymphoma. What Are the Different Types of Lymphoma? There are more than 70 different types of lymphoma based on location and the rate of how they spread ranging from slow to aggressive. Lymphomas are basically categorized into non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Lymphoma can arise in mostly two types of white blood cells, i.e., lymphocytes: B and T lymphocytes also known as the B cells and T cells, respectively. Lymphoma spreads when the cancer cells travel to different parts of the body like the spleen, blood, bone marrow and even other organs. Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is further classified into B-cell lymphoma T-Cell lymphoma NK-cell lymphoma Hodgkin’s lymphoma is broadly classified into two types: Classical Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Nodular Lymphocyte Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) Under NHL, lymphomas are further divided into following different types Diffuse Large B Cells Lymphoma DLBCL is one of the most common forms of lymphoma and is a very aggressive subtype that spreads to other organs.

Signs and symptoms of depression could be extremely complex and vary widely between different people. So, if one is depressed, they might end up feeling hopeless, sad, and maybe even lose interest in things that one once used to enjoy. These signs and symptoms could persist for weeks or maybe even months and are bad enough to interfere with family life, social life, and even work. There are many early warning signs and symptoms of depression, and they can be classified into different kinds according to how they manifest and affect people. Social Symptoms The early warning social signs and symptoms of depression include Having difficulties at home or work Neglecting hobbies and interests Avoiding social contact and activities Physical Symptoms The early warning physical signs and symptoms of depression include Disturbed sleep patterns Low sex drive Lack of energy Unexplained aches and pains Constipation Fluctuating appetite and weight Moving or speaking more slowly than usual Psychological Symptoms The early warning psychological signs and symptoms of depression include Self-harm or suicidal thoughts Anxiety Difficulty in making decisions No motivation or interest in things Feeling irritable and intolerant of others High levels of guilt Low self-esteem Feeling hopeless and helpless Continuous low mood Seasonal Affective Disorder This kind of depression is also called “winter depression.” A seasonal affective disorder is a kind of depression that occurs as a seasonal pattern, which is usually related to the winter season.

Cervical cancer, if diagnosed in the early stages, can be treated and even cured. Besides the test, it is recommended that a woman recognizes the early warning signs and symptoms that may lead to cervical cancer. Women are hesitant to talk about any of the signs they may see. One needs to talk to their primary care provider or gynecologist, which will ask relevant questions, conduct an examination and conduct a test. Screening Tests Many of the early warning signs and symptoms of cervical cancer are common, but they are not a cause for alarm. Many times the conditions like infections are not serious but require proper treatment. To find out the underlying cause, one needs to see a doctor to ascertain what the issue is and to treat it properly. Regular screening requires routine pap tests to check for abnormal cells in the cervix. Women are advised to start getting a pap test from the age of 21. They need to get an OB/GYN exam done. A Pap test is the most effective and reliable cancer screening method. It may not detect abnormal cases. The HPV test detects high-risk HPV strains in women, which may lead to cervical tumors and is for women above the age of 30.

Main cancer treatments have known to create side effects in patients. These side effects are mainly caused when the treatment method affects the healthy tissues while treating the cancer cells. Some of the common general side effects are anemia, bleeding, bruising, diarrhea, fatigue, edema, fertility issues, flu, hair loss, lymphedema, nerve problems, nausea, vomiting, inflammation, sexual issues in both men and women and so on. The effects are not constant in every individual and vary from person to person. Let us take a look at some of the side effects involved in the main cancer treatment methods. Radiation Therapy Side effects involved in radiation therapy are mainly related to Skin Patients who receive radiation therapy have experienced dry and itchy skin which can later blister and get swollen. However, side effects also depend upon the area and these side effects reduce ina week or two’s time. It is advisable to consult a doctor of the problem still persists are two weeks. Fatigue It has been found that the overall energy level of a patient receiving radiation treatment is very low and the patient appears to be exhausted throughout the day irrespective of the rest he or she gets. A combination of radiation and chemo has been to be even more exhaustive.

Tremors and dyskinesia are two distinct symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. These symptoms are involuntary motions in the body that have different causes to appear during Parkinson’s disease. Unless one really understands the difference between tremors and dyskinesia, one might be unable to distinguish between the two. Studies suggest that 70 percent of patients suffering from Parkinson’s experience tremors. Dyskinesia is an after effect of the medication levodopa and appears to show up when the patient has been on the medication for months or years. Neurologists claim that tremors are a rhythmic pattern that moves back and forth. They begin in the hands, and include different parts of the body like thumbs, arms; they finally move to the legs and head. Across studies, neurologists have mentioned that after a few months or years of taking levodopa medication, the symptoms of dyskinesia occur. Dyskinesia is distinct from a tremor, though to an untrained eye, this looks just the same. Dyskinesia is not rhythmic like tremors, and they have a more twisted movement in their symptoms. This is also an involuntary movement where the patient does not have any kind of control over them. Treatment methods for dyskinesia and tremors Doctors adjust the levodopa dosage to reduce the dopamine amount in your system.

There are different types of oral cancer treatments and every method depends upon the type of the cancer, patient history, position, rate of growth, extent of spread, etc. Usually, cancer patients go through one type of treatment, but in some cases there is a combination of different methods like surgery and radiation therapy. Let us take a look at different types of oral cancer treatment methods. Chemotherapy In some cases, chemotherapy is used for the treatment of oral cancer combined with other methods like radiation therapy. In cases where surgery is not possible and the cancer is deep inside the throat, chemo and radiation are combined. The medications used in chemo have the below-mentioned properties. Alkalytic Agents These attack the DNA cells directly and affect the cells at any life cycle. However, these agents are most effective when administered during the DNA synthesis. Alkalytic agents are used to treat chronic leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease and even lymphoma. They are administered orally or intravenous and some of the most common examples of these medications are Cyclophosphamide, mechlorethamine and Cisplatin. Nitrosoureas They are similar to alkalytic agents and they stop the changes that are responsible for repairing the DNA. The best part about these medications is they can cross the blood brain barrier making them very effective when it comes to treating brain tumors.

Thyroid disorder is a condition that affects the thyroid glands, which are a butterfly shaped gland that is situated in front of the neck. The thyroid gland helps in normal functioning of the body including cognition. There are different kinds of thyroid disorders. The thyroid produces the hormones that are required. T4, the primary hormone produced by the thyroid gland, moves through the bloodstream and to connective tissues where it is released from the gland and converted to T3, which is the hormone that stays active. Functioning of the thyroid gland affects the brain too. If your thyroid levels are low, the hypothalamus in the brain produces thyrotropin, which in turn releases TSH. The TSH finally stimulates the thyroid gland and produces the T4. What are the different types of thyroid disorders? Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not function at its optimum level. The thyroid gland will not produce enough thyroid hormone, and hence causes symptoms like weight gain, nausea, fatigue, less cognition, lesser thinking capability, lethargy, mood swings, lesser tolerance to winter or cold conditions, constipation, depression etc. Hyperthyroidism is where the thyroid gland produces more thyroid hormone than what is required. This is an overactive thyroid gland and symptoms include puffy eyes, fast metabolism, excess hunger, fatigue, less tolerance to heat, excess sweating, hyperactivity, restlessness, irritability, faster heart rate, or a higher resting pulse.

Cancer is a condition where the cells start multiplying in an uncontrolled fashion. Cancer can occur in any part of the body. One such is the Leukemia which is uncontrolled multiplication of the cells that are responsible for the production of different types of blood cells. Mostly they affect the white blood cells but in some cases even other cells have leukemia. Depending on how fast the cells divide and the origin, leukemia is divided into various types. Herein, we discuss the different types of leukemia and their symptoms. Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Also known as Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, ALL spreads quickly and can become fatal in a few months’ time. Bone marrow is the initial site of ALL which is soft tissue inside certain bones and new blood cells are made in the bone marrow. ALL sometimes even spreads to other parts of the body which includes the lymph node, spleen, liver, testicles, central nervous system. However, it is difficult to confirm if the patient is suffering from leukemia since other cancer can also spread into the bone marrow. If more than twenty percent of the cells in the bone are cancerous then only the cancer is considered leukemia. The common symptoms are Bleeding of the gums Fever Pain in bone Severe bleeding from the nose Pale skin Breathlessness Weakness and fatigue Acute Myeloid Leukemia Acute myeloid leukemia is the most common leukemia in adults and it spreads quickly and can affect any component of the blood cells.

Skin cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer and is common in people who stay outside and are exposed to the sun rays for a long period of time. Fair skinned people are more prone to get skin cancer as their melanin production is lesser. Melanin protects the outer layer of the skin, known as epidermis, from the harmful ultraviolet radiation. It must be kept in mind that even dark skinned people can get skin cancer. Classified below are the different types of skin cancer: Basal cell carcinoma Basal carcinoma is a kind of cancer that develops in the basal cell layer of the epidermis that falls under the outer squamous cells of the skin. Basal cells are responsible for the production of the squamous cells that move up and form the outer layer of the skin. Basal cell carcinoma usually appears as a transparent bump on the skin and is caused due to overexposure of the skin to harmful ultraviolet radiations emitted from the sun. The head and the neck, which are the most exposed parts of the body, are the usual site of basal cell carcinoma. Mutation to the DNA causes basal skin carcinoma. Basal cells divide and then form the outer layer of the epidermis.